Unit+7









@Korean War Project



BACKGROUND INFO:
1840-1877 : Territorial Exspansion & Manifest Destiny b) Western migration and cultural interactions c) Territorial acquisitions d) Early U.S. imperialism: the Mexican War 14: Development of the West in the Late Nineteenth Century a) Expansion and development of western railroads 18: The Emergence of America as a World Power a) American imperialism: political and economic expansion

3/4/11

What the difference between cash and carry, and lend lease?

 * cash and carry:** foreign nations could buy waeapons from America but they'd have to pay immediately
 * Lend lease:** an adjustment where foreign nations could lend or lease the supply -- get weapons and eaither return it or pay for it after the war

**Germany and the U.S.S.R.**
NONE AGGRESSIVE PACT


 * "Arsenal of Democracy":** (FDR) America was the supplier to Britain to help promote democracy

3/7/11

Where Historians Disagree: Chapter 27
Charles A. Bear: America deliberately forced Japan to a position where they couldn't do anything but attack Roberta Wohlstleeter: America had information, but failed to interpret it correctly. Gordon W. Prange: America had enough info to predict attack, but failed to do so. John Toland: America knew days in advance that there would be an attack on Hawaii
 * Basil Rauch: Bear was waiting for attack, but didn't think it would be in American territory


 * Reason's why America joined WWII:**
 * Bombing of Pearl Harbor
 * Axis Power: violating treaty of resi, beating America's closest allies,
 * German's sinking US merchant ships taking supplies to England
 * Japan's unreasonable demands on America
 * German submarines shooting at US ships

Tension b/w two countries, war wasn't all of a sudden... It was building up.

3/9/11 __SAMPLE ESSAY QUESTIONS__

2010 AP EXAM OPEN RESPONSE ESSAY QUESTIONS:
__Directions__: Choose ONE question from this part. You are advised to spend 5 minutes planning and 30 minutes writing your answer. Cite relevant historical evidence in support of your generalizations and present your arguments clearly and logically.

2. Analyze the political, diplomatic, and military reasons for the United States victory in the Revolutionary War. Confine your answer to the period 1775–1783. OR 3. Analyze the ways in which controversy over the extension of slavery into western territories contributed to the coming of the Civil War. Confine your answer to the period 1845–1861.

__//The coming of the Civil War was a result of the controversies over the extension of slavery into the western territories b////etween the years 1845 and 1861. To equalize the balance of slavery the Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Compromise of 1850 was created; and though this effort was to prevent the controversy over slavery from getting worse, it ultimately led to the coming of the Civil War.//__

__Directions__: Choose ONE question from this part. You are advised to spend 5 minutes planning and 30 minutes writing your answer. Cite relevant historical evidence in support of your generalizations and present your arguments clearly and logically.

4. Analyze the roles that women played in Progressive Era reforms from the 1880s through 1920. Focus your essay on TWO of the following.
//__Throughout the 1880's and 1920's (Progressive Era), women have played an important role in social conditions and labor and working conditions by getting involved in groups and unions...__// OR 5. Explain the causes and consequences of TWO of the following population movements in the United States during the period 1945–1985.
 * Politics
 * Social conditions
 * Labor and working conditions
 * Suburbanization
 * The growth of the Sun Belt
 * Immigration to the United States

3/10/11

CHAPTER 28 (America in a world at war) Notes
War on two fronts There were two seperate offensives by the americans against the japanese in the western front: one by chester nimitz and the other by douglas MacArthur What did America really know about the Holocaust? North Africa, Italy first location of fights

3/11/11

Key Concepts of the War
VP didn't know a lot about the nuclear bomb -- Bomb dropping on Hiroshima, Japan US had choice of invading japan or dropping the bomb --> (invasion is too much, dropping the bomb is easier) Japan wasn't ready to surrender D-Day (turning point of war) invasion of France --> clear that Hitler would lose Midway (turning point) Invasion of N. Africa and Allies (turning point) Leyte Gulf (turning point) Okinawa (turning point) Battle of Bulge = last German push (line formed curve) Stalingrad (turning point)

3/11/11

DBQ SAMPLE QUESTIONS
XVII. World War II, 1931-1945 1. Prior to American involvement in both the First and Second World Wars, the U.S. adopted an official policy of neutrality. Compare the policy and its modifications during the period 1914-1917 to the policy and its modifications during the period 1939-1941. (1982, question 5)

//Between 1914 through 1917, World War I (WWI), U.S. declared themselves as a neutral nation through the adoption of the neutrality acts, despite the fact that like in WWII they still tried sustaining their economic ties with Britain. During 1939 through 1941, World War II (WWII), America's neutrality policy had altered in a way which they were no longer neutral, but rather an important nation who took an important role by being involved with other nations through the cash and carry policy, and the lend-lease policy.//
 * //WWI -- Wilson declared themselves neutrals but their actions (trading with Britain) showed otherwise//
 * //German's sinking Lusitania = forceful way of German converting America from neutral to member//
 * //adopted neutrality acts to try to stay neutral//
 * //in comparison, the change was pretty similar --> Policies were altered in-order to sustain economic ties with Britain//

2. "Vice Presidents who have succeeded to the presidency on the death of the President have been less effective in their conduct of domestic AND foreign policy than the men they replaced." Assess the validity of this statement for any TWO of the following pairs. __William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S Truman__, and John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson (1989, question 6)


 * //Is statement valid? Show another example...//

3. The United States decision to drop an atomic bomb on Hiroshima was a diplomatic measure calculated to intimidate the Soviet Union in the post-Second-World-War era rather than a strictly military measure designed to force Japan's unconditional surrender. Evaluate this statement using the documents and your knowledge of the military and diplomatic history of the years 1939 through 1947. (1988, DBQ)**

3/15/11

TOP TEN KEY TERMS : code-talkers -- native americans "Rosie the Riveter" -- symbolized the new importance of the female industrial work force zoot-suit riots -- invaded againts Maxican-Americans CORE - againts discrimintation

3/14/11

3/17/11

THE COLD WAR (1949-1990)

 * War b/w U.S. (democratic capitalism) & the Soviet Union (communism)**


 * U.S. :**
 * 1) //Capitalism & Democracy//
 * //Capitalism:// mixed system --> some gov't intervention in the economy --> laws, rules/regulations/taxes
 * //Democracy:// representative democracy
 * U.S.S.R.:**
 * 1) //Communism & Dictatorship//

3/17/11

STALIN & COMMUNISM
"Stalinism is associated with a regime of terror and totalitarian rule." - Encyclopedia Britannica "From each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs"


 * Joseph Stalin, leader of the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1953.
 * Stalin launched radical economic policies...
 * Soviet controlled East-Germany, which was, under Stalin, run by communism
 * The harshness with which Soviet affairs were conducted during Stalin's rule was subsequently repudiated by his successors in the Communist Party leadership, most notably by Nikita Khrushchev's repudiation of Stalinism in February 1956 --> SITE
 * **Stalinism** is the belief of the policies and governmental philosophy of Joseph Stalin
 * Stalinism refers to socialist states comparable to the Stalin-era Soviet Union, i.e. that are characterized by a totalitarian figure head, secret police, propaganda, and especially **brutal tactics of political coercion** --> SITE
 * Few would deny any longer that communism--Marxism-Leninism and its variants--meant in practice bloody terrorism, deadly purges, lethal gulags and forced labor, fatal deportations, man-made famines, extrajudicial executions and show trials, and genocide. It is also widely known that as a result millions of innocent people have been murdered in cold blood. Yet there has been virtually no concentrated statistical work on what this total might be. --> MURDER BY COMMUNISM


 * Idea came from //Marxism// -- high class make poor class poor, poor class try to kick out high class = kick each other our = classless society
 * gov't planning out economy
 * Lenin
 * Stalin
 * Trotsky
 * Khrushchev (replaces Stalin)

3/21/11

As of the Korean War (1953), who was winning the Cold War?
The Soviet Union would be the one winning the Cold War so far because their communist influence was scaring America more than America was scaring the communists. For example, the Red Scare. Americans had been very scared of internal communist subversion because of: 1) Communism was a tangible shape to Stalin & the S.U. 2) America face setbacks such as the Korean Stalemate, "loss" of China", and the S.U.'s development of atomic bomb. Also, communism had spread to China, which is a big deal b/c China is a big country with a great number of people. America just hasn't been doing much to spread their belief in capitalism as opposed to the Soviet Union who keep taking actions; which is the reason why America is so scared.

3/25/11

WHD: McCARTHYISM
Hysteria/paranoia //VIEW POINTS:// he's crazy... McCarthyrism was used as a political tool by the republicans purple - notes from Max... 1945 -- FDR dies, Truman = prez (D) 1946 -- Repubs took control of both houses of Congree 1947 -- Truman (D) ordered loyalty checks on all gov't employees (FBI) (R) tough on communism! Truman tries to show that he's tough on communism too! 1948 -- Truman gets elected 1950 -- McCarthy pmtp scene //Korean// (R) Senator - WISC //War// McCarthyism --> hysteria .. political tool? //starts// 1952 -- Eisenhower = prez __ ECONOMIC BELIEFS: __ COMMUNIST | DEMS | REPUBS complete control | mix | laissez faire
 * McCarthyrism's Appeal: Joseph McCarthur gained public support due to his bold proclamation ( though w/o real evidence) of having a list of 205 known communist. he provided his followers with an issue into which they could channel a wide range of resentments:**
 * **fear of communism**
 * **animosity toward the country's m"eastern establishment"**
 * **frustrated partisan ambitions**

3/30/11

VIDEO
President Harry S. Truman
 * Truman did not know about the Manhattan project while he was vp, then decided to drop the bomb on Japan
 * ended WWII
 * won 2nd term easily
 * launched the Marshall Plan = successful
 * Joined the military forces together = lose of Southern support
 * lost 2nd term to Dewey because he failed with his attempt in containment in China

President Dwight D. Eisenhower
 * in b/w parties
 * joined Repubs & ran for office
 * legendary mastermined of D-Day
 * "Hidden Hen" that Eisenhower is the mastermind behind all the congress's decisions
 * down sized military & spent money on improving homelife
 * established Federal High Way Act = big impact --> change in economics, transportation, etc.
 * tried to publicly stay away from the inegration of the segregated school b/w black & whites
 * Bank of Vietnam = supported and sent money to Vietnam
 * lost to Soviet in the space race